A group of researchers from the University of Córdoba has developed a robotic tractor capable of carrying out agricultural work autonomously. This tractor incorporates technology that allows it to move independently through the fields.
According to Sergio Bayano, one of the project's leaders, the tractor features LIDAR sensors, an inertial unit, a digital compass, and a high-precision GPS system. Additionally, the ROS (Robot Operating System) environment has been used for its programming, enabling it to implement different algorithms and share code with other teams.
The tractor operates based on a diesel and hydraulic propulsion system. Although it is anticipated that agricultural machinery will be electric in the future, currently, there are no batteries that can support a full day of work. The control of this robotic tractor can be carried out from a computer, a tablet, or a mobile phone, allowing for two types of handling: one for the hydraulic system and another for programming and decision-making.
This tractor, named 'Sergius', is part of agriculture 4.0, which aims to increase efficiency, optimize production, and reduce environmental impact through advanced technologies. Researchers point out that while there are autonomous vehicles on the market, none have the functionality of a traditional tractor. 'Sergius' presents capabilities similar to a conventional tractor, but with the advantage of having two self-leveling axles with directional wheels.
In terms of the tractor's features, 'Sergius' can alternate between different steering modes depending on the required maneuver. These modes include front or rear direction, reverse front-rear, and a hybrid direction that allows the front and rear axles to rotate on a smaller scale. During a test in an olive grove, it was determined that the reverse mode was most suitable for precise turns, while the hybrid mode proved useful for straight paths.
The creators of the tractor, Sergio Bayano and Rubén Sola, have collaborated with companies specializing in mechanical manufacturing and programming. Although the names of these companies have not yet been revealed, it is expected that the project will be adopted by companies in the agricultural sector for commercialization.
