Social Security sets specific requirements to access the benefit for absolute permanent disability. If the applicant is over 31 years old, they must have contributed at least a quarter of the time since turning 20, with a minimum of five years worked. Additionally, a medical report from the INSS certifying the permanent disability caused by an illness or injury is required.
For those under 31 years old, it is necessary to have contributed at least a third of the time between the age of 16 and the date of the causative event. It is also necessary to have exhausted the temporary disability period, with a maximum duration of 545 days in Spain, including extensions. Absolute permanent disability requires greater dependency, which increases the economic benefit to cover the additional needs of the affected person.
There is no closed list of diseases that entitle one to this benefit, but some common ones include schizophrenia, lupus, herniated disc, and bipolar disorder. In the case of severe disability, it must be demonstrated that assistance is needed for basic activities such as dressing, personal hygiene, or eating through a medical report.
To access the benefit, the applicant must be affiliated and registered with Social Security, or in a situation equivalent to registration at the time of the application. The requirements are established by Social Security; however, a specific list of diseases is not required, but the disability must be properly certified by a medical report.
